Saturday, May 3, 2008

How can we stop Atherosclerosis in Native Diabetics?

The leading cause of heart disease is atherosclerosis, otherwise known as hardening of the arteries caused by plaque buildup. Unfortunately, diabetics (type 2) are more likely to develop this disease, resulting in stroke and/or heart attack.

In light of this information, a study was done called ‘Stop Atherosclerosis in Native Diabetics’ (SANDS), involving 299 American Indians with diabetes, high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol. None of the patients had heart disease at the beginning of the study, which lasted for three years. The American Indians were from Oklahoma, Phoenix, Arizona and South Dakota.

The study was done with the intention of proving that proactive treatment of high blood pressure and high cholesterol could help prevent, or at least lessen the chances of developing, atherosclerosis. To prove their point, they asked all participants to accept diabetes management in the form of stopping smoking and dietary counseling, while half of the participants were asked to lower LDL levels of cholesterol (known as bad cholesterol) to 100 milligrams per deciliter and to lower their systolic blood pressure to 140 mm of Hg. The other half were to do nothing different. During this time they measured they recorded the patient’s cholesterol levels and thickness of their left ventricle carotid artery three times.

After 3 years, the half of the control group that lowered their blood pressure and cholesterol levels had smaller arteries than those who did not.

What is their message?

That blood pressure and cholesterol management should be as important in diabetes therapy as controlling blood sugar levels.









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